Development of performance, physiological and technical capacities during a six-month cross-country skiing talent transfer program in endurance athletes
(Leistungsentwicklung und Entwicklung der physiologischen und sporttechnischen Leistungsfähigkeit während eines sechsmonatigen Skilanglauf-Talenttransferprogramms von Ausdauersportlern)
Purpose: To examine the development of performance, physiological and technical capacities as well as the effect of sport background among runners, kayakers and rowers when transferred to cross-country (XC) skiing over a 6-month training period.
Methods: Twenty-four endurance athletes (15 runners and 9 rowers/kayakers; 15 men and 9 women) were tested for performance, physiological and technical capacities during treadmill running and roller-ski skating, double-poling ergometry, as well as upper-body, one-repetition maximum-strength (1 RM) at baseline (pre) after three (mid) and 6-months (post) of XC ski-specific training.
Results: Peak treadmill speed when roller-ski skating improved significantly (13%, P < 0.01) from pre-post, with a larger improvement in runners than in kayakers/rowers (16 vs. 9%, P < 0.05), whereas peak speed in running was unchanged. Average power output during 5-min and 30-s ergometer double-poling tests improved by 8% and 5% (both P < 0.01), with improvement found only in runners on the 30-s test (8 vs. -2% in kayakers/rowers, P < 0.01). Peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) in running and double-poling ergometry did not improve, whereas VO2peak in roller-ski skating improved by 5% in runners (P < 0.05). Submaximal gross efficiency increased by 0.6%-point and cycle length by 13%, whereas 1 RM in seated pull-down and triceps press increased by 12 and 11%, respectively (all P < 0.05).
Conclusion: Six-months of XC ski-specific training induced large improvements in sport-specific performance which were associated with better skiing efficiency, longer cycle length, and greater 1RM upper-body strength in a group of endurance athletes transferring to XC skiing. Furthermore, larger sport-specific development was found in runners compared to kayakers/rowers.
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Schlagworte: | Talent Ausdauerdisziplinen Trainingsprogramm Ausdauer Technik Sportart Skilanglauf Lauf Kanurennsport Rudern männlich weiblich Sportphysiologie Leistung Leistungsentwicklung |
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Notationen: | Ausdauersportarten Nachwuchssport |
Tagging: | Talenttransfer |
DOI: | 10.3389/fspor.2020.00103 |
Veröffentlicht in: | Frontiers in Sports and Active Living |
Veröffentlicht: |
2020
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Jahrgang: | 2 |
Heft: | 103 |
Seiten: | 1-11 |
Dokumentenarten: | Artikel |
Sprache: | Englisch |
Level: | hoch |