Variations in kinematic variables and performance in the tennis serve according to age and skill level

(Variationen der kinematischen Variablen und der Leistung beim Tennisaufschlag je nach Alter und Fertigkeitsniveau)

To analyse the influence of age and skill level on tennis serve performance, 99 male participants took part in a study of maximum effort serves to a target (50 x 50 cm) in the add service box. Participants were divided into two skill level groups (elite and recreational) and three age groups (under 12 years old [U12], under 16 years old [U16] and +18). During testing, kinematic data were recorded and serving performance (accuracy and speed) was measured. A single-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the differences for kinematic and performance variables between the six groups. Correlation analysis was performed to establish the relationships between kinematics variables and serve performance. Results highlighted the influence of both age and skill level on performance (speed and accuracy), as well as on kinematics (hand, arm, hip peak velocities) of the tennis serve. The spatial position of the hand in respect to the hip in the moments previous to ball impact in the medio-lateral, and the vertical axes was significantly correlated with serving performance in all the age groups. These results suggested that an increased range of motion of shoulder external rotation and wrist flexion, as well as higher velocities of shoulder internal rotation and elbow extension should be developed to increase tennis serve speed.
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Schlagworte: Tennis Leistungsfähigkeit Fertigkeit Sportler Bewegung Technik Angriff Leistung
Notationen: Spielsportarten
Tagging: Aufschlag
DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2019.1653036
Veröffentlicht in: International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport
Veröffentlicht: 2019
Jahrgang: 19
Heft: 5
Seiten: 749-762
Dokumentenarten: Artikel
Sprache: Englisch
Level: hoch