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    <title>Results for Versions - 3032880</title>
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    <item>
      <title>Kardiovaskuläre, metabolische und hormonelle Parameter bei Profitennisspielern</title>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2001 12:17:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <link>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/3032880</link>
      <guid>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/3032880</guid>
      <author>König, D.</author>
      <author>Huonker, M.</author>
      <author>Schmid, A.</author>
      <author>Halle, M.</author>
      <author>Beg, A.</author>
      <author>Keul, J.</author>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:subject>Tennis</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Energiestoffwechsel</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>aerob</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>anaerob</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Kreislauf</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Sportherz</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Gefäß</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Knochen</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Lateralität</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Adaptation</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Stoffwechsel</dc:subject>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:creator>König, D.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Huonker, M.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Schmid, A.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Halle, M.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Beg, A.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Keul, J.</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Während der letzten 10 Jahre hat der physische und mentale Stress bei Profitennisspielern konstant zugenommen.Die Gesamtintensität im Tennis varriert zwischen 60 und 70% der VO2max und die Energieanforderungen werden hauptsächlich durch den aeroben Energiestofwechsel abgedeckt. Während  häufiger hochintensiver Abschnitte wird die Muskelenergie von der anaeroben Glykolyse geliefert. Deshalb sollten sportspezifische Konditionierungsprogramme im Tennis sowohl den glykolytischen als auch den oxidativen Mukelstoffwechsel verbessern.Trainings- und Wettkampfjahe bewirken eine Reihe von kardiovaskulären und metabolischen Anpassungen: Anstieg der Herzgröße, höhere Sauerstoffaufnahmekapazität, verbesserte muskuläre oxidative Enzymaktivitäten, reduzierter Grund-Katecholaminspiegel, niedrigere Herzfrequenz. Weiterhin bewirkt Tennis seitenspezifische Anstiege der Knochendichte, des Knochendurchmessers und der Knochenlänge der oberen Extremität, und es konnten strukturelle und funktionelle Adaptationen in den Hauptarterien des dominanten Arms bei Profitennisspielern festgestellt werden.]]></content:encoded>
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    <item>
      <title>Kardiovaskuläre, metabolische und hormonelle Parameter von Profitennisspielern</title>
      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2001 12:17:00 +0100</pubDate>
      <link>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/4005500</link>
      <guid>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/4005500</guid>
      <author>Konig, D.</author>
      <author>Huonker, M.</author>
      <author>Schmid, A.</author>
      <author>Halle, M.</author>
      <author>Berg, A.</author>
      <author>Keul, J.</author>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:subject>Herz</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Hormon</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Knochen</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Kreislauf</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Sportherz</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Stoffwechsel</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Tennis</dc:subject>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:creator>Konig, D.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Huonker, M.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Schmid, A.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Halle, M.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Berg, A.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Keul, J.</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[During the past decade, the physical and mental stress in professional tennis has been constantly increasing. The overall intensity in tennis ranges between 60 and 70% of maximum oxygen uptake and the energy requirements are mainly provided by aerobic energy metabolism. Therefore, particularly with respect to the duration of the tournaments and the length of the matches, a good aerobic capacity promotes continuous success in professional tennis. During frequent periods of high intensity, however, muscular energy is derived from anaerobic glycolysis. Therefore, sports-specific conditioning programs in tennis should improve both glycolytic and oxidative muscular metabolism. Years of training and competition induce a number of cardiovascular and metabolic adaptations: an increase in heart size in terms of an athlete's heart, higher oxygen uptake capacity, improved muscular oxidative enzyme activities, reduced baseline catecholamine levels, and a lower resting heart rate. In addition, tennis induces side-specific increments in bone density, bone diameter, and bone length of the upper extremity. Furthermore, structural and functional adaptations of the conducting arteries in the preferred arm could be demonstrated in professional tennis players. In conclusion, tennis is a very complex sport involving strength, power, speed, agility and explosiveness, as well as endurance components. Scientific data on exercise-related cardiovascular and metabolic parameters in professional tennis are important to evaluate the players individual fitness level and will help to improve sports-specific conditioning programs. This in turn will not only enhance performance but also prevent overstrain and burnout syndromes. ]]></content:encoded>
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