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    <title>Results for Versions - 4037605</title>
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    <item>
      <title>T-Lymphozyten-Populationen nach einer Phase mit hohem Trainingsumfang bei Fußballspielerinnen</title>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2015 03:28:24 +0100</pubDate>
      <link>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/4038056</link>
      <guid>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/4038056</guid>
      <author>Brown, F. F.</author>
      <author>Bigley, A. B.</author>
      <author>Ross, J. C.</author>
      <author>LaVoy, E. C.</author>
      <author>Simpson, R. J.</author>
      <author>Galloway, S. D. R.</author>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:subject>Fußball</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Nachwuchsleistungssport</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Junioren</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Jugend</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>weiblich</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Training</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Belastungsumfang</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Relation</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Ernährung</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Biochemie</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Blut</dc:subject>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:creator>Brown, F. F.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Bigley, A. B.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Ross, J. C.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>LaVoy, E. C.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Simpson, R. J.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Galloway, S. D. R.</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[To investigate the T-lymphocyte response to a period of increased training volume in trained females compared to habitual activity in female controls.

Methods: Thirteen trained female (19.8 ± 1.9 yrs) soccer players were monitored during a two-week long high volume training period (increased by 39%) and thirteen female untrained (20.5 ± 2.2 yrs) controls were monitored during two-weeks of habitual activity. Blood lymphocytes, collected at rest, were isolated before and after the two-week period. Isolated lymphocytes were assessed for the cell surface expression of the co-receptor CD28, a marker of T-lymphocyte naivety, and CD57 a marker used to identify highly-differentiated T-lymphocytes. Co-expression of these markers was identified on helper CD4+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes. In addition a further population of d+ T-lymphocytes were identified. Plasma was used to determine Cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus.

Results: No difference was observed in the T-lymphocyte populations following the two-week period of increased volume training. At baseline the number of total CD3+, cytotoxic CD8+, naïve (CD8+ CD28+ CD57-), intermediate (CD8+ CD28+ CD57+) T-lymphocytes and the number and proportion of d+ T-lymphocytes were greater in the trained compared to the untrained females (p < 0.05). The proportion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes was greater in the untrained compared to the trained (p < 0.05), in turn the CD4+:CD8+ ratio was also greater in the untrained females (p < 0.05). Inclusion of percentage body fat as a covariate removed the main effect of training status in all T-lymphocyte sub-populations, with the exception of the d+ T-lymphocyte population. 8% of the untrained group was defined as positive for CMV whereas 23% of the trained group was positive for CMV. However, CMV was not a significant covariate in the analysis of T-lymphocyte proportions.

Conclusion: The period of high volume training had no effect on T-lymphocyte populations in trained females. However, baseline training status differences were evident between groups. This indicates that long-term exercise training, as opposed to short-term changes in exercise volume, appears to elicit discernible changes in the composition of the blood T-lymphocyte pool.]]></content:encoded>
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    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Populationen von T-Lymphozyten nach einer Phase mit großen Trainingsumfängen bei Fußballspielerinnen</title>
      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2015 03:28:24 +0100</pubDate>
      <link>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/4037605</link>
      <guid>https://sponet.de/sponet/Record/4037605</guid>
      <author>Brown, F. F.</author>
      <author>Bigley, A. B.</author>
      <author>Ross, J. C.</author>
      <author>LaVoy, E. C.</author>
      <author>Simpson, R. J.</author>
      <author>Gallowayt, S. D. R.</author>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:subject>Fußball</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>weiblich</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Belastungsumfang</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Relation</dc:subject>
      <dc:subject>Blut</dc:subject>
      <dc:format>Artikel</dc:format>
      <dc:creator>Brown, F. F.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Bigley, A. B.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Ross, J. C.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>LaVoy, E. C.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Simpson, R. J.</dc:creator>
      <dc:creator>Gallowayt, S. D. R.</dc:creator>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[Purpose: To investigate the T-lymphocyte response to a period of increased training volume in trained females compared to habitual activity in female controls.

Methods: Thirteen trained female (19.8 ± 1.9 yrs) soccer players were monitored during a two-week long high volume training period (increased by 39%) and thirteen female untrained (20.5 ± 2.2 yrs) controls were monitored during two-weeks of habitual activity. Blood lymphocytes, collected at rest, were isolated before and after the two-week period. Isolated lymphocytes were assessed for the cell surface expression of the co-receptor CD28, a marker of T-lymphocyte naivety, and CD57 a marker used to identify highly-differentiated T-lymphocytes. Co-expression of these markers was identified on helper CD4+ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-lymphocytes. In addition a further population of ?d+ T-lymphocytes were identified. Plasma was used to determine Cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus.

Results: No difference was observed in the T-lymphocyte populations following the two-week period of increased volume training. At baseline the number of total CD3+, cytotoxic CD8+, naïve (CD8+ CD28+ CD57-), intermediate (CD8+ CD28+ CD57+) T-lymphocytes and the number and proportion of ?d+ T-lymphocytes were greater in the trained compared to the untrained females (p < 0.05). The proportion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes was greater in the untrained compared to the trained (p < 0.05), in turn the CD4+:CD8+ ratio was also greater in the untrained females (p < 0.05). Inclusion of percentage body fat as a covariate removed the main effect of training status in all T-lymphocyte sub-populations, with the exception of the ?d+ T-lymphocyte population. 8% of the untrained group was defined as positive for CMV whereas 23% of the trained group was positive for CMV. However, CMV was not a significant covariate in the analysis of T-lymphocyte proportions.

Conclusion: The period of high volume training had no effect on T-lymphocyte populations in trained females. However, baseline training status differences were evident between groups. This indicates that long-term exercise training, as opposed to short-term changes in exercise volume, appears to elicit discernible changes in the composition of the blood T-lymphocyte pool.]]></content:encoded>
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