We consider "Technological doping" as the performance advantage provided by technology that determines the outcome of the competition. In terms of the recent focus on carbon fiber plate (CFP) running shoes [1], the irony is that we, as the Sub2 marathon project [2], conceived of the idea to focus on developing innovations that would allow athletes to utilize and fulfill their full biological potential without the need to resort to doping. This unique but essentially an anti-doping project was launched in Newcastle in December 2014 (at the International Sport and Exercise Nutrition Conference ISENC14 annual event) with the "headline" attracting goal to break the 2hr barrier in the marathon[3]. In fact, the project had at its core a holistic anti-doping focus - developed from "out of the box" thinking [4]. Briefly, a solution that encompasses a holistic anti-doping approach comprising of at least three primary anti-doping pillars (see Figure 1) motivated by the need to prevent doping, protect the clean athlete, and promote performance without doping (3Ps). A major research priority in the Eastbourne laboratory is the application of "omics" (i.e., genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics) for the detection of drugs in sport with particular reference to recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo), blood doping and testosterone. Most of our recent research is funded by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), with the primary focus on the evolution of the anti-doping process that underpins the first two 3Ps - prevent doping and protect the clean athlete (see Giscard Lima`s article in this series).
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